http://localhost:80/xmlui/handle/123456789/12736 2026-04-23T14:14:27Z 2026-04-23T14:14:27Z Kelifa Emiru, Yohannes Periasamy, Gomathi Karim, Aman Ur Rehman, Najeeb Nazam Ansari, Mohd http://localhost:80/xmlui/handle/123456789/13169 2022-10-14T05:32:09Z 2020-07-20T00:00:00Z

Title: Evaluation of in vitro α-amylase inhibitory activity and antidiabetic effect of Myrica salicifolia in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice Authors: Kelifa Emiru, Yohannes; Periasamy, Gomathi; Karim, Aman; Ur Rehman, Najeeb; Nazam Ansari, Mohd Abstract: The study was aimed to evaluate in vitro antioxidant, α-amylase inhibitory and in vivo antidiabetic activities of Myrica salicifolia root extracts. The powdered roots of M. salicifolia were extracted with 80% methanol and then dried. The dried extract was further fractionated into chloroform, ethyl acetate, butanol and aqueous fractions. The phytochemical screening of the crude extract was performed using standard chemical identification tests. The antioxidant activity of the extracts was determined by in vitro method using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) as radical scavenging reagent. The in vitro α-amylase inhibitory activity was performed using the chromogenic3,5-dinitrosalicylic (DNSA) method. The antidiabetic activity of M. salicifolia root crude extract (200, 400 and 600 mg/kg) and fractions (400 mg/kg) were evaluated in normal, glucose loaded hyperglycemic and streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice. The crude root extract of M. salicifolia showed strong DPPH radical scavenging activity (IC50 = 4.54µg/ml) which was comparable with the standard antioxidant, ascorbic acid. In α-amylase inhibitory activity, the crude extract and butanol fraction showed highest enzyme inhibition. In the antidiabetic activity, daily administration of the crude extract, aqueous and butanol fractions for fifteen days showed highest significant reduction in fasting blood glucose level (BGL) compared to diabetic control in STZ-induced diabetic mice model. The root extract and fractions of M. salicifolia exhibited significant antihyperglycemic, α-amylase inhibitory and antioxidant activity with no sign of toxicity. The antidiabetic effect of the plant could be due to the synergistic effect of various classes of constituents present in the root part of the plant.

2020-07-20T00:00:00Z Peng, Guangyao Long, Xiaoping http://localhost:80/xmlui/handle/123456789/13167 2022-10-14T05:31:15Z 2020-07-19T00:00:00Z

Title: Capillarisin exerts antiasthmatic activity in neonatal rats via modulating the matrix remodeling Authors: Peng, Guangyao; Long, Xiaoping Abstract: The use of phytochemical plays a major role in recent therapeutic regimens. Amongst, Capillarisin (CPS), an active chemical constituent of Artemisia capillaris was found to exert anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. However, the protective role of CPS has not been identified against neonatal asthma. Hence, in the present study, Wistar rats were used consisting of four groups such as control, asthma-induced, CPS-pretreated asthma animals, and CPS control. At the end of the experimental period, histology of the lungs, inflammatory cell counts in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), inflammatory markers such as interleukin (IL) -6, IL-5, IL-4, and IL-13 were measured. Results demonstrated a significant restoration in alveolar thickening and reduced goblet cell hyperplasia with suppressed inflammatory cells. Moreover, a significant reduction in leukocyte infiltration in BALF lessened hyper responsiveness, and serum IgE levels of CPS treated group. Furthermore, the CPS administration alleviated the expression levels of IL-6, IL-17, IL-4 and IL-13 compared to the asthma-induced group. To an extent, the study elicited the extra cellular matrix protein expression in the asthma-induced animals, and the results demonstrated a profound reduction in the fibrotic markers was evidenced in CPS treated animals. Thus, the results of the present investigation propose that capillarisin can be a new medicine target for the treatment of asthma-mediated complications.

2020-07-19T00:00:00Z Akbar, Shehla Ishtiaq, Saiqa Hussain, Khalid Ghayas, Sana Bushra, Rabia http://localhost:80/xmlui/handle/123456789/13166 2022-10-14T05:30:23Z 2020-07-18T00:00:00Z

Title: Hepatoprotective and antioxidant activity of Dicliptera bupleuroides Nees. extracts on paracetamol induced hepatotoxicity in rats Authors: Akbar, Shehla; Ishtiaq, Saiqa; Hussain, Khalid; Ghayas, Sana; Bushra, Rabia Abstract: Aim of this study to evaluate the safety profile, hepatoprotective and in-vivo antioxidant activities of Dicliptera bupleuroides Nees. Toxicity studies were conducted in human RBCs and DNA by using standard procedures. Acute hepatoprotective investigation was carried out in albino rats by treated with all six fractions of D. bupleuroides 350 mg/kg/day. ALT, AST, ALP and total bilirubin (TB) were performed. The n-hexane fraction (200 mg/kg/day) exhibited appropriate hepatoprotective activity hence subjected to chronic study (14 days). Paracetamol induced the hepatotoxicity (350mg/kg) and silymarin (50 mg/kg) was standard drug. Liver function tests, liver peroxidation tests and histopathological examination were performed at the end. Hexane fraction showed significant decrease in the level of ALT (88.1±7.8), AST (93.8±7.6), ALP (136.3±8.4) and TB (0.6±0.03) as compared to the standard drug (p>0.05). Rats treated with ethyl acetate fraction showed decrease in MDA (42.8±0.7) while GSH was found to be increased (107.7±1.8) against the toxic group (51.3±2.9), (73.6±4.0) respectively. All the drug extracts decreased the oxidative stress and protect the DNA from free hydroxyl radicals. DNA damage protection activity of these fractions is due to phytochemicals present in these fractions. These results indicate that the plant fractions possess significant hepatoprotective and antioxidant activities with no toxic effects.

2020-07-18T00:00:00Z Ullah, Kalim Baloch, Marvi Saleem, Fahad Ahmad Khan, Mahtab Saeed, Hamid K Hashmi, Furqan Ali Khan, Ayaz http://localhost:80/xmlui/handle/123456789/13165 2022-10-14T05:29:48Z 2020-07-17T00:00:00Z

Title: Patterns of physicians’ knowledge, attitude and prescribing trends against upper respiratory tract infections in Lahore, Pakistan Authors: Ullah, Kalim; Baloch, Marvi; Saleem, Fahad; Ahmad Khan, Mahtab; Saeed, Hamid; K Hashmi, Furqan; Ali Khan, Ayaz Abstract: Although viruses cause most of upper respiratory tract infections but still antibiotics are irrationally prescribed in mild infections, especially in upper respiratory tract infections. To identify gaps among prescribers, due to lack of standard guidelines and antimicrobial stewardship programs, it is needed to check knowledge, attitude, perception and current prescribing pattern of antibiotics. Based on the data recommendations can be specified to overcome the prescribing deficiencies and increasing rates of antimicrobial resistance. It is inevitable to educate patients about ineffectiveness of antibiotics in viral infections, and to develop guidelines for prescribing antibiotics, running continuing medical education and establishing antibiotic stewardship programs. We conducted a cross-sectional survey-based study by engaging physicians of public and private sector hospitals in Lahore, Pakistan. About 66% agreed for semi-structured interview and met the inclusion criteria. Fifty percent of physicians have an understanding that antibiotics should be prescribed in URTIs, otherwise symptoms may get worsen. The only encouraging thing is that 78.8% believe that antibiotics are being misused and are major cause of increasing rate of resistance. Most of prescribers have an understanding that antibiotics should be prescribed in upper respiratory tract infections. They are prescribing antibiotics ignoring Center for Disease Control guidelines for the treatment or prophylaxis of upper respiratory infections.

2020-07-17T00:00:00Z