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Molecular detection of hupB gene of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in young patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) on Chemotherapy

2022-10-12T10:27:52Z

Title: Molecular detection of hupB gene of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in young patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) on Chemotherapy Authors: Mahmood, Nasir; Nadeem Abbas, Shahzada; Nazeer, Qurat ul ain; Manzoor, Iqra; Shahid, Saman; Majeed, Asma Abstract: Cancer chemotherapy can lead to the mycobacterial infections. Tuberculosis has been reported a serious complication in leukemia patients who undergo chemotherapy. The study was focused to find mutations in hupB gene of M. tuberculosis in 50 acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) patients through semi multi complex PCR. A column based DNA isolation method was adopted for DNA isolation. The gene for histone-like protein (hupB [Rv2986c]) of M tuberculosis was amplified to detect two closely related mycobacterial species. Primers M and S (histone like protein HupB) were utilized to generate amplicons of 318 bp and 291 bp for M. tuberculosis and M. bovis, respectively. Out of fifty ALL patients, 21 (42%) were females and 29 (58%) were males. The prevalence of ALL was found higher in males as compared to females. The prevalence of ALL was higher in patients of age group 5-10 years. The results of the amplification showed that, the 318 bp fragment specific for M. tuberculosis was observed in seven samples (14%), while 291 bp fragment specific for M. bovis was not observed in any sample. Children with ALL were found at higher risk for tuberculosis. A risk evaluation of tuberculosis infection must be conducted before managing chemotherapy.

Phytochemical, antimicrobial and time-kill kinetics potentials of Euphorbia nivulia Buch.-Ham.: A Cholistan desert medicinal plant

2022-10-12T10:27:29Z

Title: Phytochemical, antimicrobial and time-kill kinetics potentials of Euphorbia nivulia Buch.-Ham.: A Cholistan desert medicinal plant Authors: Younus, Muhammad; Mohtasheemul Hasan, Muhammad; Khalil, Sadia; Saddiq, Bushra; Ahmad, Khalil; Adnan Jamil, Qazi; Hussain Shirazi, Jafir; Hanif, Muhammad; ur-Rehman, Sajid; ur-Rehman Khan, Kashif; Imran Aziz, Muhammad Abstract: Euphorbia nivulia a locally occurring plant species possesses antiseptic, analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties and is ethnopharmacologically used in various ailments like skin, ear disorders, boils, and worm infestation. Preliminary phytochemical screening showed presence of flavonoids, polyphenolics, glycosides, alkaloids, tannins and triterpenoids in (70% aqueous-ethanolic) Euphorbia nivulia crude extract (En cr) and its four fractions, i.e., hexane fraction (En hex), butanol fraction (En bt), chloroform fraction (En ch), and aqueous fraction (En aq). In current study, Agar well diffusion and time-kill kinetic assays were performed for antimicrobial activity. 300 mg/ml concentration showed maximum inhibitory zone. Highest zone of inhibition (15.5mm) was demonstrated by En ch fraction against Proteus mirabilis. Staphyllococcus aureus was the most sensitive bacteria against whom all fractions except En aq fraction were active. Maximum MIC (15.3 mg/ml) was shown by En ch fraction against Proteus mirabilis. Similarly, En ch fraction showed (15.1 mg/ml) remarkable MIC against Candida albicans. Significant higher antibacterial and antifungal activity was revealed in high concentration. Time-kill kinetics studies revealed bacteriostatic action. Noteworthy antimicrobial activity may be due to bioactive compounds of extract which may be a potential antibacterial and antifungal agent.

Contribution of mechanical and electrical cardiovascular factors in patients with ischemic stroke

2022-10-12T10:26:47Z

Title: Contribution of mechanical and electrical cardiovascular factors in patients with ischemic stroke Authors: Duica, Lavinia; Antonescu, Elisabeta; Totan, Maria; Pirlog, Mihail; Calina Silisteanu, Sinziana Abstract: Stroke represents the third - leading cause of death after heart and neoplastic isease and is one of the biggest cause of disability worldwide. Cardioembolism, through its principal mechanism - atrial fibrillation - constitute an important cause of ischemic stroke. Otherwise, left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) has been associated with a twofold increase in stroke risk. The study aims at highlighting significant associations between several risk factors of stroke LVH and atrial fibrillation (AF), respectively LVH and cardiac stenosis contributeng to ischemic stroke. The study comprised of 256 patients with stroke, hospitalized in the County Clinical Emergency Hospital, Sibiu, Romania; they were examined by ultrasound by echocardiography and carotid Duplex echography. The patients were divided in subgroups that were later compared to one another: 167 patients had atrial fibrillation (group A), 89 patients did not have atrial fibrillation (group B). Then both groups were divided in 2 subgroups (with or without LVH). It has been identified another two groups (66 patients with carotid stenosis <50%) and 116 patients with carotid stenosis >50% and each group was divided in 2 subgroups (with or without LVH). LVH is an important contributing factor in ischemic stroke in patients also presenting carotid stenosis > 50%.

Hepatoprotective effect of Ziziphus oxyphylla Edgew in paracetamolinduced hepatotoxic rat model

2022-10-12T10:26:15Z

Title: Hepatoprotective effect of Ziziphus oxyphylla Edgew in paracetamolinduced hepatotoxic rat model Authors: Farooq Awan, Asif; Shoaib Akhtar, Muhammad; Anjum, Irfan; Naveed Mushtaq, Muhammad; Fatima, Almas; ur Rehman Khan, Muti; Haider, Syed Imran Abstract: Ziziphus oxyphylla Edgew (Z. oxyphylla) is a small shrub to a medium sized tree. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the hepatoprotective activity of Z. oxyphylla in paracetamol-induced hepatotoxic rat model. Silymarin was used as a standard drug. Methanol extract was found to be the most potent in in-vitro antioxidant studies. The methanol extract of Z. oxyphylla was administered to experimental animals. The hepatoprotective effect of extract was evaluated by measuring liver biochemical markers, anti-oxidant enzymes and blood lipid profile. Treatment with the paracetamol increased the level of hepatic biomarkers, blood lipid profile and decreased anti-oxidant enzymes. Pretreatment with Z. oxyphylla caused restoration of hepatic biomarkers, blood lipid profile and antioxidant enzymes levels. It is concluded that the methanol extract of Z. oxyphylla possesses hepatoprotective activity that might be due to quercetin and kaempferol glycosides present in the plant extract. Further studies are required to elucidate the exact mechanism of action of these isolated flavonoid glycosides.