http://localhost:80/xmlui/handle/123456789/12764 2026-04-05T01:44:05Z 2026-04-05T01:44:05Z Raza, A Rehman, Z. U. Qayyum, T. I. http://localhost:80/xmlui/handle/123456789/12966 2022-10-12T03:41:40Z 2015-09-15T00:00:00Z

Title: PARK AND RIDE INTEGRATION AND COMMUTER BEHAVIOR ANALYSIS ALONG THE ROUTE OF LAHORE BUS MASS TRANSIT SYSTEM Authors: Raza, A; Rehman, Z. U.; Qayyum, T. I. Abstract: The Punjab government recently developed a mass rapid transit system, Metro Bus, in the provincial capital Lahore. Integration of park and ride facilities with bus transit route and commuter (frequent traveler) behavior analysis along route of transit system was assessed. Current utilization characteristics of park and ride facilities and factors resulting in the underutilization of integrated parking facilities with Bus Transit System were described. Parking Duration/Efficiency, Commuter and Parking User surveys were conducted at park and ride facilities of selected Metro Bus stations. Despite a considerable parking demand, there were many metro bus stations where no park and ride facilities were provided. It was found that only 11% of the commuters used Cars and motorcycles to reach metro bus and 48 % did not use park and ride due to non-familiarity and non-availability of the parking facilities. It was revealed that 50 % of the parking users parked vehicles for less than five hours and 63% users showed dissatisfaction in relation to existing parking facility. It was recommended to integrate Metro Bus ticketing and surveillance system with park and ride system. It was suggested to provide parking facilities at demographically feasible locations like near Gajjumatta metro bus station and to publicize parking facilities along the Metro Bus route.

2015-09-15T00:00:00Z Saeed, U Shahzad, N Ahmad, S. R. Yousaf, W. M. D. Hashmi, S. G http://localhost:80/xmlui/handle/123456789/12955 2022-10-11T10:57:23Z 2015-09-15T00:00:00Z

Title: SATELLITE IMAGE BASED EVIDENCE OF POSITIVE IMPACT OF FRESHWATER FLOODING IN INDUS DELTA, PAKISTAN Authors: Saeed, U; Shahzad, N; Ahmad, S. R.; Yousaf, W.; M. D. Hashmi, S. G Abstract: Focusing on the ten year’s mangroves cover change analysis of Kharo Chann taluka, Indus Delta, this study contributed for understanding the changes in distribution and total area of mangroves. Satellite Remote Sensing (SRS) techniques were used to assess the ecological impact of flooding on mangroves growth/change. Object based image analysis being most recent and advanced classification technique was adopted to quantify the density cover of the mangrove’s spread. Multitemporal (2001 and 2011) images of Terra (ASTER) satellite were used to analyze the extent of mangrove cover, various algorithms were incorporated for hierarchical rule set classification. An increase of 2,568 ha in mangroves, particularly in Avicenna marina was observed in this study. Accuracy of the developed forest cover maps was 92.7 % with kappa value of 0.88. Validation of the results was done by ground truthing and an increasing trend in the mangroves from the last 3 to 4 years was seen during analysis. This increase was attributed to plantation activities and natural regeneration as well which was mainly due to the increase in the fresh water flow, downstream from Kotri barrage through floods.

2015-09-15T00:00:00Z Zia, S. Shirazi, S.A. Bhalli, M. N. Kausar, S http://localhost:80/xmlui/handle/123456789/12952 2022-10-11T10:49:36Z 2015-09-15T00:00:00Z

Title: THE IMPACT OF URBANIZATION ON MEAN ANNUAL TEMPERATURE OF LAHORE METROPOLITAN AREA, PAKISTAN Authors: Zia, S.; Shirazi, S.A.; Bhalli, M. N.; Kausar, S Abstract: This study was aimed at to evaluate the process of urbanization and its possible correlation with mean annual temperature (MAT) in metropolitan area of Lahore for the last fifty years (1962-2012). Some parameters of urbanization were selected i.e. increase in built-up land, number of factories, number of vehicles, and reduction in vegetation cover. In order to analyze degree of correlation among mean annual temperature (MAT) and each parameter, bivariate Pearson correlation analysis was carried out. Results showed slight decrease in mean maximum temperature and considerable increase in mean minimum temperature of Lahore. It leads to linear progression towards decrement in mean annual temperature mainly due to rapid paced urbanization over the past in Lahore metropolitan area. Reduction in vegetation cover and increase in built-up area are identified as major contributors among all selected multifarious human and natural factors. Possible solution to overcome future change in temperature could be afforestation, use of environmental friendly transportation, increase in urban green spaces and mass media campaign to make people realized about the adverse effects of rise in temperature due to anthropogenic activities. The highlighted results in present research study provided guidelines to policy makers, urban planners and city managers of Lahore for better urban planning strategies in years to come

2015-09-15T00:00:00Z Khan, A. Khusro, S. http://localhost:80/xmlui/handle/123456789/12945 2022-10-11T10:45:22Z 2015-09-15T00:00:00Z

Title: THE RISE OF AUGMENTED REALITY BROWSERS: TRENDS, CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES (Review Paper) Authors: Khan, A.; Khusro, S. Abstract: : An augmented reality browser is an alternative of a web browser in augmented spaces, which aimed at navigating and publishing overlaid interactive contents. This enabled end users to explore digital information on existing points of interests (POIs) and the application developers to publish overlaid information in the form of layers and channels, etc. These browsing interfaces were vital for publishing and locating contents to unfold the potential of augmented spaces. This paper contributed an analytical review on the recent emergence of mobile augmented reality browsers from the perspective of technological information publishing and usage scenarios. This comparative analysis of the augmented reality browsers would help researchers and industrial scientists to identify the most relevant augmented reality browser for specific applications like object tracking, content overlaying, and ensuring realism up to major extent. This study would also provide guidelines for next generation enriched, seamless and adaptive augmented reality browsers.

2015-09-15T00:00:00Z