http://localhost:80/xmlui/handle/123456789/14335 2026-04-22T11:11:57Z 2026-04-22T11:11:57Z Safila Naveed Huma Dilshad Sheeba Urooj http://localhost:80/xmlui/handle/123456789/16507 2023-01-20T09:19:59Z 2018-12-05T00:00:00Z

Title: REPORT A comparative study of loratidine physiochemical properties from different brands Authors: Safila Naveed; Huma Dilshad; Sheeba Urooj Abstract: Loratidine is a piperidine derivative resemble to azatadine long acting non sedating commonly used for the treatment of allergic condition like watery or itchy eyes, runny nose, chronic urticaria or throat itching. In the present study different brands of loratidine were evaluated for the weight variation, hardness, friability, disintegration time and dissolution. Dissolution release study performed by using paddle method (USP 2) in 900 ml of 0.1N HCl at 50 rpm. The physicochemical of loratidine did not give any variation. By this study we conclude that all parameter for physicochemical properties like weight variation, hardness of tablets, friability, their disintegration time and the dissolution release study for all the brands of loratidine that are available in Karachi meet the British pharmacopoeia (BP) and United State pharmacopoeia (USP) specification for quality control analysis.Weight variation, hardness and friability value requirement was complied by all brands .Disintegration time for all brands was less than 15 minutes complying the BP/USP recommendation. All brands showed more than 80 % drug release within 45 minutes. The present findings suggest that almost all the brands of loratidine meet the BP/USP specification for QC analysis.

2018-12-05T00:00:00Z Muhammad Farhan Darakshan Jabeen Haleem http://localhost:80/xmlui/handle/123456789/16506 2023-01-20T09:19:46Z 2018-12-04T00:00:00Z

Title: REPORT Attenuation of apomorphine induced behavioral sensitization in rats pre-treated with tryptophan Authors: Muhammad Farhan; Darakshan Jabeen Haleem Abstract: Psychostimulants substances, some of which are abused by humans, are generally believed to produce sensitization effects when they are repeatedly administered to animals. Apomorphine, a non-narcotic derivative of morphine, having agonistic property for dopamine in order to produce psycho stimulant-like effects. Meanwhile, chronic administration leads to behavioral sensitization. Therefore, present study destine to produce desensitization in animals by the repeated administration of tryptophan (100 mg/kg), thereafter treated with apomorphine (1.0 mg/kg) to observe the intensity of sensitization in rats pre-treated with tryptophan. Apomorphine on acute administration known to increase motor activity whereas repeated treatment of apomorphine initiates the sensitization of motor behavior. It is expected that the intensity of apomorphine induced sensitization would be affected in tryptophan-treated rats. Present study provide the clear-cut evidence that chronic treatment of apomorphine arouses the motor behavior of animals in both novel and anxiolytic model over the saline treated animals, whereas hypo locomotive behavior was seen in animals pre-treated with tryptophan, provides the evidence that preliminary treatment of tryptophan perturbs the apomorphine induced sensitization in animals. The discoveries present an inventive methodology for amplifying the remedial utilization of apomorphine and traditional psychostimulants.

2018-12-04T00:00:00Z Abdul Matin Salik Nawaz Jung, Suk-Yul http://localhost:80/xmlui/handle/123456789/16504 2023-01-20T09:19:17Z 2018-12-03T00:00:00Z

Title: REPORT Effect of macrophage alone or primed with cytokines on Balamuthia mandrillaris interactions with human brain microvascular endothelial cells in vitro Authors: Abdul Matin; Salik Nawaz; Jung, Suk-Yul Abstract: Balamuthia mandrillaris is well known to cause fatal Balamuthia amoebic encephalitis (BAE). Amoebic transmission into the central nervous system (CNS), haematogenous spread is thought to be the prime step, followed by blood–brain barrier (BBB) dissemination. Macrophages are considered to be the foremost line of defense and present in excessive numbers during amoebic infections. The aim of the present investigation was to evaluate the effects of macrophages alone or primed with cytokines on the biological characteristics of Balamuthia in vitro. Using human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMEC), which constitutes the BBB, we have shown that Balamuthia demonstrated >90% binding and >70% cytotoxicity to host cells. However, macrophages further increased amoebic binding and Balamuthia-mediated cell cytotoxicity. Furthermore macrophages exhibited no amoebicidal effect against Balamuthia. Zymography assay demonstrated that macrophages exhibited no inhibitory effect on proteolytic activity of Balamuthia. Overall we have shown for the first time macrophages has no inhibitory effects on the biological properties of Balamuthia in vitro. This also strengthened the concept that how and why Balamuthia can cause infections in both immuno-competent and immuno-compromised individuals.

2018-12-03T00:00:00Z Farzana Sadaf Sumbul Shamim Rubeena Saleem Navaid-ul-Zafar http://localhost:80/xmlui/handle/123456789/16502 2023-01-20T09:18:49Z 2018-12-02T00:00:00Z

Title: REPORT Safety and toxicological evaluation of herbal formulation on rodents Authors: Farzana Sadaf; Sumbul Shamim; Rubeena Saleem; Navaid-ul-Zafar Abstract: Herbal medicines are still most popular, abundant and affordable remedies for curing various ailments. Garlina is one of the herbal formulations of Hamdard Laboratories (waqf) Pakistan used to treat cardiovascular diseases and elevated sugar level. However, there is no scientific data available regarding the potential toxicity. Therefore, the present study was to assess the acute and sub-chronic toxicity in rats. The single dose of Garlina 5000mg/kg were administered orally and observed for 14 days. A sub-chronic toxicity test was performed at 2000mg/kg of Garlina daily for 30 days. Control rats received saline. The biochemical, hematological and histopathological analysis was carried out. The acute toxicity LD50 was determined to be >5000mg/kg. The result of acute and sub-chronic toxicity revealed no mortality and sign of toxicity. Garlina did not elicit any significant change in body weight, hematological and histopathology analysis when compared to saline treated rats. The relative weight of organs was not affected by the treatment. While the daily dose of Garlina for humans is 20mg/kg. However, the sub-chronic toxicity at 2000mg/kg dose of Garlina exhibited significant increase in gamma glutamyltransferase while total protein significantly decreased. Results obtained from study demonstrated that there is wide margin of safety for the therapeutic use of Garlina and significant decrease in LDL, atherogenic index, GGT and bilirubin direct at the dose of 5000mg/kg further strengthen the use as hypolipidemic and hypoglycemic agent.

2018-12-02T00:00:00Z