http://localhost:80/xmlui/handle/123456789/12896 2026-04-07T04:47:52Z http://localhost:80/xmlui/handle/123456789/13835 Title: Comparative analgesic evaluation of Himalrandia tetrasperma and Wendlandia exserta of family Rubiaceae after induction of pain in mice Authors: Ajaib, Muhammad; Ishtiaq, Saiqa; Siddiqui, Muhammad Faheem Abstract: Himalrandia tetrasperma and Wendlandia exserta medicinal plants belong to family Rubiaceae commonly known as coffee family were investigated by quantitative analysis of major bioactive compounds and analgesic effect. The analgesic potential was accessed using different parts of H. tetrasperma and W. exserta by induced acetic acid writhing and hot plate test method. Methanolic extracts of these two plants satisfactorily possesses analgesic activity. All the extracts showed good results as compared to standard drug, i.e. aspirin. Seeds of H. tetrasperma possess maximum, i.e. 86.73% inhibition at first phase where as aspirin possesses 52.73%. In second phase, leaves possess 99.8 % inhibition respectively. Hot plate analgesic activity of bark extract displayed maximum activity at 4.5h stage, i.e. 8.6±0.40. W. exserta methanolic extract of bark possesses 97.3% inhibition respectively in first phase and 99.8% in second phase. Bark extract displayed maximum activity at 4.5h stage, i.e., 9.7±0.5. Quantitative analysis of bark of H. tetrasperma possesses highest value of saponins, i.e. 30.21±0.8 where as flavonoids 17.50±1.2, phenolic compounds 23.25±0.5 and tannins 12.32±0.4. The leaf extracts of H. tetrasperma contains maximum value of phenols, i.e. 15.10±0.7 where as W. exserta bark possesses significant value of alkaloids, i.e. 16.41±0.4 and leaf extracts possesses flavonoids, i.e. 14.51±0.3, saponins 12.22±0.1 and phenolic compounds 11.31±0.4. The seeds of both plants possess significant value of tannins, i.e. 07.60±0.3. 2018-11-01T00:00:00Z http://localhost:80/xmlui/handle/123456789/13832 Title: In Vitro analysis of anti-diabetic and anti-oxidative potential of pedicles of fruit-vegetable bottle gourd Authors: Ahmed, Dildar; Ashiq, Neelam Abstract: The fruit-vegetable Lagenaria siceraria is well known for its ethnomedicinal applications. While other parts of the plant have been studied for their medicinal properties, its fruit pedicles have not been yet explored. The present study therefore aimed to investigate their phenolics, flavonoids, antioxidant potential and alpha-amylase inhibitory properties. The bioactivities of this neglected part of the fruit were promising. Ethyl acetate fraction had the highest total phenolic content (TPC), 4.4µg/mL Gallic acid equivalent (GAE). The TPC of chloroform and n-butanolic fractions were 3.6 and 2.5 GAE, respectively. Chloroform fraction displayed the highest total flavonoid content (TFC, 295µg/mL Rutin equivalent). The trend of TFC among the fractions was chloroform > hexane > ethyl acetate > n-butanolic > aqueous. Ethyl acetate fraction was most potent as a DPPH radical scavenger, and showed notable activity even at very low concentration (IC50 2.65mg/mL). It was more potent than ascorbic acid (IC50 4.9mg/mL), the standard used in the study. The methanolic extract itself was more powerful than ascorbic acid. The residual aqueous fraction was the strongest inhibitor of alpha-amylase with IC50 1.35mg/mL, which was comparable to the antidiabetic drug Acarbose (IC50 1.26 mg/mL). The IC50 (mg/mL) of ethyl acetate, hexane and n-butanolic fractions were 2.16,2.05 and 2.44, respectively. The findings indicated that the pedicles of L. siceraria fruits have remarkable antioxidant and alpha-amylase inhibitory potential. Subject to verification by in vivo analysis and clinical trial, consumption of the pedicles of this fruit may be advised to diabetic people. As the aqueous fraction was the most potent inhibitor, a water decoction of the fruit part may safely be recommended for the purpose. 2018-11-01T00:00:00Z http://localhost:80/xmlui/handle/123456789/13831 Title: Evaluation of fast disintegrating tablets of paracetamol prepared from a blend of croscarmellose sodium and Pleurotus tuber-regium powder Authors: Eraga, Sylvester Okhuelegbe; Arhewoh, Matthew Ikhuoria; Akpan, Faith Emmanuel; Iwuagwu, Magnus Amara Abstract: The study investigated the combination effects of the mixture of croscarmellose sodium and Pleurotus tuberregium powder on the granules and tableting parameters of paracetamol tablets. Five batches (A-E) of paracetamol tablets were formulated using wet granulation method with various combination ratios of croscarmellose sodium and Pleurotus tuber-regium powder as disintegrant incorporated both intra- and extra granularly. Their granule properties such as bulk and tapped densities, angle of repose, Carr’s index, Hausner’s ratio and post compression parameters such as friability, hardness, disintegration time and drug release profiles were evaluated. The results showed a decrease in disintegration time with increasing concentration of Pleurotus tuber-regium powder with disintegration times ≤ 3.58 min. There was an increase in hardness (values ≥ 4.34 kp) and a decrease in friability (values ≤ 0.6 %) of the tablets with increasing concentrations of Pleurotus tuber-regium. All the tablets exhibited comparable drug release profiles with over 80 % of their drugs released in 1 h. Harder and less friable fast disintegrating tablets of paracetamol can be obtained with Pleurotus tuber-regium powder in combination with croscarmellose sodium. The combination of croscarmellose sodium and Pleurotus tuber-regium possesses potentiative effect on their disintegrant activity. 2018-11-01T00:00:00Z http://localhost:80/xmlui/handle/123456789/13830 Title: Synthesis of 2-Furyl[(4-aralkyl)-1-piperazinyl]methanone derivatives as suitable antibacterial agents with mild cytotoxicity Authors: Abbasi, Muhammad Athar; Nazeer, Muhammad Mubashar; Rehman, Aziz-ur; Siddiqui, Sabahat Zahra; Hussain, Ghulam; Shah, Syed Adnan Ali; Ahmad, Irshad; Shahid, Muhammad; Sarwar, Muhammad Salman Abstract: The aim of the present research work was synthesis of some 2-furyl[(4-aralkyl)-1-piperazinyl]methanone derivatives and to ascertain their antibacterial potential. The cytotoxicity of these molecules was also checked to find out their utility as possible therapeutic agents. The synthesis was initiated by reacting furyl(-1-piperazinyl)methanone (1) in N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) and lithium hydride with different aralkyl halides (2a-j) to afford 2-furyl[(4-aralkyl)-1- piperazinyl]methanone derivatives (3a–j). The structural confirmation of all the synthesized compounds was done by IR, EI-MS, 1 H-NMR and 13C-NMR spectral techniques and through elemental analysis. The results of in vitro antibacterial activity of all the synthesized compounds were screened against Gram-negative (S. typhi, E. coli, P. aeruginosa) and Gram-positive (B. subtilis, S. aureus) bacteria and were found to be decent inhibitors. Amongst the synthesized molecules, 3e showed lowest minimum inhibitory concentration MIC = 7.52±0.µg/mL against S. Typhi, credibly due to the presence of 2-bromobenzyl group, relative to the reference standard, ciprofloxacin, having MIC = 7.45±0.58µg/mL. 2018-11-01T00:00:00Z