http://localhost:80/xmlui/handle/123456789/14114 2026-04-21T18:49:31Z http://localhost:80/xmlui/handle/123456789/14274 Title: PRUNES AND LIVER FUNCTION: A CLINICAL TRIAL Authors: AHMED, TALAT; SADIA, HALIMA; KHALID, ANEELA; BATOOL, SADIA; JANJUA, AYESHA Abstract: Prunes are used by folks as a remedy of various diseases including hepatitis. A clinical trial was designed to see the effects of prunes (Prunus domestica) on liver function. 166 healthy volunteers were divided into three groups randomly. Either three (about11.43g) or six (23g approx.) prunes were soaked in a glass of water (250ml) overnight. Each subject from two test groups was asked to drink prune juice & eat whole fruit(single or double dose of prunes) as well, early in the morning, daily for 8 weeks; whereas each subject from control group was given a glass of water to drink. Blood samples were taken at week 0 and week 8 for chemical analysis. There was significant reduction of serum alanine transaminase (p 0.048) and serum alkaline phosphatase (p 0.017) by the lower dose of prunes. There was no change in serum aspartate transaminase and bilirubin. Alteration in liver function by use of prunes may have clinical relevance in appropriate cases and prunes might prove beneficial in hepatic disease. 2010-10-19T00:00:00Z http://localhost:80/xmlui/handle/123456789/14273 Title: SYNTHESIS AND EVALUATION OF MANNICH BASES OF BENZIMIDAZO [1,2-C] QUINAZOLIN- 6(5H)-THIONE FOR ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY Authors: M, SARASWATHI; RM, ROHINI; RANAPRATHAPSINGH, RANAPRATHAPSINGH; NAYEEM, NAIRA Abstract: The intermediate Benzimidazo[1,2-c] quinazolin-6(5H)-thione (1) was obtained by cyclization of 2-(2’- aminophenyl) benzimidazole with carbon disulfide. Mannich base (2a-d) of compound (1) was obtained on treatment with Para formaldehyde and secondary aliphatic amines, similarly treatment of (1) with different ketones afforded respective mannich bases (3 e-h). All derivatives synthesized were characterized from IR and 1 HNMR spectral data’s. Moderate anti bacterial activity was exhibited from 2a-d and from 3f, 3h against S. aureus, E. coli, and E. fecalis but very negligent activity were seen from these compounds when screened against P aeruginosa 2010-10-18T00:00:00Z http://localhost:80/xmlui/handle/123456789/14272 Title: ANALGESIC ACTIVITIES OF ETHANOL EXTRACT OF LEAF, STEM AND THEIR DIFFERENT FRACTIONS OF SWERTIA CHIRATA Authors: DEDARUL ALAM, KHONDOKER; SHAWKAT ALI, MOHAMMAD; MAHJABEEN, SANJIDA; PARVIN, SALMA; AHSANUL AKBAR, MOHAMMAD; AHAMED, RUBINA Abstract: The purpose of the present study was to investigate the analgesic activity of ethanol extract of leaf, stem, and their different fractions i.e. pet-ether, dichloromethane, and methanol fraction of Swertia chirata (FamilyGentianaceae) on Swiss albino mice. Acetic acid induced writhing in mice was used as the process to evaluate the analgesic activity. The ethanol extract of leaf and stem of Swertia chirata showed moderate inhibition (p<0.001) of writhing. Among different fractions pet-ether fraction showed significant inhibition (p<0.0001) of writhing where as methanol fraction showed moderate inhibition (p<0.003) of writhing as well. The inhibition of writhing was calculated in respective to control (vehicle). The test samples were administered at a dose of 200 mg/kg body weight of experimental animals where diclofenac sodium at a dose of 25 mg/kg body weight was used as standard drug in this study. 2010-10-17T00:00:00Z http://localhost:80/xmlui/handle/123456789/14271 Title: SYNTHESIS AND APPLICATIONS OF COUMARIN Authors: ASLAM, KINZA; KALEEM KHOSA, M.; JAHAN, NAZISH; NOSHEEN, SOFIA Abstract: In this work, coumarin was synthesized by Perkin reaction using salicylaldehyde, acetic acid and sodium acetate. Due to the misuse of acetic anhydride in narcotics synthesis, acetic acid was substituted for acetic anhydride in Perkin reaction. On the basis of this substitution a hypothesis was proposed that “acetic acid could be substituted as an acetylating agent in place of acetic anhydride in coumarin synthesis via Perkin reaction". In the present research project, salicylaldehyde was prepared from phenol, sodium hydroxide and chloroform for further procedure. Then four different coumarin samples were synthesized by changing the parameter of reactants proportions. From this parameter, we designed a trend of high product yield. Yields of Coumarin samples will lead towards either acception or rejection of the above proposed hypothesis. In the next step, these Coumarin samples were characterized by age yield (%), solubility and melting points. At last Antibacterial activities of all the four coumarin samples were evaluated against two bacterial strains; E.coli and S.aureus. As a consequence of all above, it was inferred that the yields of all coumarin samples obtained were low as compared to the yield obtained by the use of acetic anhydride in previous reports. This led to the rejection of proposed hypothesis. Among four Coumarin samples, sample-4 obtained by taking equal amounts of all the reactants had shown maximum yield, best characterization and excellent antibacterial activity. In spite of low yields obtained, the remarkable antibacterial activities of Coumarin samples have enabled us to suggest coumarin as a strong antibacterial agent and it must be employed for further applications. 2010-10-16T00:00:00Z