http://localhost:80/xmlui/handle/123456789/14321 2026-04-22T11:09:42Z http://localhost:80/xmlui/handle/123456789/15232 Title: REPORT Susceptibility of avian pathogenic Escherichia coli from Zoo birds in Indonesia to antibiotics and disinfectants Authors: Sajid Umar, Sajid Umar; Ana Triana Maiyah, Ana Triana Maiyah; Mehwish Shareef, Mehwish Shareef; Hajra Qadir, Hajra Qadir; Qamar-un-Nisa, Qamar-un-Nisa; Seema Abbas, Seema Abbas Abstract: Antibiotic resistance in avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) is a common problem in the Indonesian poultry industry. Zoo birds have been postulated as sentinels, reservoirs, and potential spreaders of antibiotic resistance, although much is still unknown about the strains of zoo birds. Disinfection can reduce the infection burden. However, little is known about the presence of resistance against these products. Sixty one APEC strains were isolated from Indonesian zoo birds. The resistance to different classes of antibiotics as well as the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBC) of five disinfectants most often used in the poultry industry was determined. Resistance to tetracycline (42.6%), sulfonamides (24.5%), ampicillin (22.9%), gentamicin (19.6), nalidixic acid (18.03%) and streptomycin (16.3%) was high, but resistance to other tested antibiotics was low and none of the isolates were resistant to extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producers. Sixteen strains (26.2%) were found positive for multi drug resistance. The MIC of the disinfectants for the APEC strains showed normal distribution, indicating that there was no acquired resistance. MBCs were similar to MICs using the broth dilution method, showing the bactericidal effect of the disinfectants. Phenotypic resistance to commonly used disinfectants could not be found, indicating that the current use of disinfectants in the zoo and aviaries did not select for resistance. Significantly high resistance rates against commonly used antibiotics in Indonesian zoos is worrisome and indicates that widespread use of antibiotics could have negative implications for animal health and the environment. Proper use of antibiotics and surveillance programs to monitor antimicrobial resistance in pathogenic bacteria are warranted. 2018-04-02T00:00:00Z http://localhost:80/xmlui/handle/123456789/15229 Title: SHORT COMMUNICATION Synthesis of drug metal complexes and their influence on human platelet aggregation Authors: Mansoor Ahmed, Mansoor Ahmed; Mohsin Ali, Mohsin Ali; Ayatollahi, Seyed Abdulmajid; Marjan Esfahanizadeh, Marjan Esfahanizadeh; Farzad Kobarfard, Farzad Kobarfard; Ameer Hasan, Ameer Hasan; Khan, Khalid Mohammed; Syed Moazzam Haider, Syed Moazzam Haider Abstract: During the past few decades the emergence of inorganic medicinal chemistry has been developed novel therapeutic agents. Researcher's perseverance in this branch of chemistry has led them to explore further valuable chemical spaces by synthesizing metal complexes already known pharmacological agents for their potential use. However, it is in its early stage, this methodology has demonstrated metal complexes with better bioactivities than the parent ligand molecules. In this study, transition metal complexes of pyrazinamide (PZ), isoniazid (INH), fluconazole (FCZ), metformin (dimethylbiguanide, DMBG) and losartan potassium (LS-K) were selected to evaluate for their possible anti-platelets aggregation in the light of reports on divalent and trivalent cations like calcium, copper, manganese, magnesium, and cadmium may influence the process of thrombocytic activity and aggregation. The required evaluation was carried out on human plasma through an APACT 4004 platelet aggregation analyzer. Arachidonic acid (ADP) was used to gauge any alteration in platelet shape and aggregation process. The parent drugs showed some antiplatelets aggregation, however, their metal complexes demonstrated better efficacy. 2018-04-01T00:00:00Z http://localhost:80/xmlui/handle/123456789/15228 Title: Analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of fixed oil of Macrotyloma uniflorum (Lam.) Verdc. in mice and rats Authors: Syeda Anum Fatima, Syeda Anum Fatima; Baig, Sadia Ghousia; Muhammad Mohtasheem ul Hasan, Muhammad Mohtasheem ul Hasan; Salman Ahmed, Salman Ahmed; Salma, Salma Abstract: Macrotyloma uniflorum commonly known as horse gram or kulthi bean is grown as a pulse for livestock and human consumption. The beans contain about 1.3% fat, 18% protein, 15% carbohydrate along with vitamins and minerals. In traditional medicine it is used as antihyperglycemic, antioxidant, antihypertensive and diuretic. Other important medicinal uses include treatment of renal stones, obesity, piles, oedema and fever. The present study evaluated analgesic (by acetic acid induced writhing, hot plate and tail flick tests in mice) and anti-inflammatory (carrageenan induced paw edema in rats) activities of Macrotyloma uniflorum fixed oil (MUFO). Four groups were included in study: Group-I: Normal Saline Control (2ml/kg), Group-II: MUFO (2ml/kg), Group-III: MUFO (4ml/kg), and Group-IV: Standard Acetyl salicylic acid (ASA 300mg/kg). All results were significant however delayed onset of action was observed in tail flick and paw edema tests. Acute oral toxicity of the oil was also checked in mice and was found safe upto 4ml/kg dose, as no signs of toxicity and mortality were observed. It is concluded that Macrotyloma uniflorum fixed oil may possess analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity which can be related with a peripheral mechanism of action. 2018-03-31T00:00:00Z http://localhost:80/xmlui/handle/123456789/15227 Title: Evaluation of phytochemical and in vitro antioxidant activity of water and acetone extracts of selected vegetables Authors: Faria Nisar, Faria Nisar; Mirza, Muhammad Aslam; Malik, Riffat Naseem; Ch, Muhammad Aziz; Kauser Yasmeen, Kauser Yasmeen Abstract: The aim of this study was to determine antioxidant activity of Brassica oleracea (Cabbage), Brassica rapa (Turnip) and Raphanus sativus (Radish). All of the three selected vegetables were ultrasonically extracted in water and acetone. The antioxidant activity was determined by DPPH and H2O2. Highest phenolic, flavonoid and flavonol contents were found among water extract of Raphanus sativus, Brassica oleracea and Brassica rapa respectively. Highest %age of DPPH inhibition was exhibited by water extract of Brassica rapa and highest OH◦ radical scavenging activity was shown by water extract of Raphanus sativus. 2018-03-30T00:00:00Z