http://localhost:80/xmlui/handle/123456789/19272 2026-03-05T15:01:44Z http://localhost:80/xmlui/handle/123456789/19658 Title: Phytochemical Studies on Daphne mucronata Authors: RASOOL, MUHAMMAD AZAM; IMUHAMMAD IMRAN; HAQ NAWAZ; ABDUL MALIK; KAZMI, SHAHANA UROOJ Abstract: Eleven compounds have been isolated for the first time from Daphne mucronata namely, cinnamic acid (1), 7,8-dimethoxycoumarin (2), 7,8-dihydroxycoumarin (3), lupeol (4), ßamyrin (5), betulin (6), 5,6,7,8,3',4'-hexamethoxyflavone 5-hydroxy-3,6,7,4'tetramethoxyflavone (8), 5,7,3',4'-tetrahydroxyflavone (9), stigmasterol 3-0-ß-D-glucopyranoside (10) and 5,3',4'-trihydroxyflavone 7-0-ß-D-glucopyranoside (11), respectively. Their structures have been elucidated by El-MS, HR-EI-MS, FAB, HR-FAB-MS, IH-NMR and BC-NMR spectroscopic data. Compounds 9 and 11 showed moderate antioxidant activity while other compounds were weakly active. 2009-10-20T00:00:00Z http://localhost:80/xmlui/handle/123456789/19657 Title: Chemical Composition, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of Citrusjambhiri Lush and Citrus reticulata Blanco Essential Oils Authors: SANA SADAF; BHATTI, HAQ NAWAZ; ZAFAR IQBAL; MUHAMMAD SHAHID Abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate the time interval in which we can get maximum concentration of essential oil from the peels of Citrusjambhiri Lush and Citrus reticulata Blanco, to determine the composition of peel oils and to evaluate the antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of extracted oils. It was observed that in case of Citrusjambhiri Lush maximum oil yield (l %) was obtained when fruits were immature (during October). As the fruit samples got matured, the oil yield decreased. In December the oil yield decreased to 0.2 %. In case of Citrus reticulata Blanco maximum oil yield (0.189 %) was obtained during the last week of January. Chemical analysis of essential oils showed that limonene was the most abundant compound (86 %-93 %) followed by aterpinene (2 %-4.5 %), ß-pinene(l %-2 %) and nerol (0.5 %-1.5 %). The radical scavenging and antioxidant activities of essential oils were determined by DPPH and linoleic acid test. The essential oil of Citrus jambhiri Lush inhibited the oxidation of linoleic acid by 54.98 % and that of C.itrus reticulata Blanco inhibited by 49.98 %. Moreover, the essential oils also showed antimicrobial activities against the tested microorganisms. 2009-10-20T00:00:00Z http://localhost:80/xmlui/handle/123456789/19656 Title: Mechanistic Studies on the Reaction of 0-phthalaldehyde (OPTA) with Urea and its N-alkyl/aryl Derivatives Authors: BUSHRA MALIHA; ISHTIAQ HUSSAIN; TARIQ, MUHAMMAD ILYAS; SIDDIQUI, HAMID LATIF Abstract: Urea and its N-alkyl/aryl derivatives react with o-phthalaldehyde (OPTA) to yield blue to purple coloration along-with isoindoline compounds (VII a,b,c) in acidic media. The color is unstable and changes into various shades with the passage of the time. The assay of urea which entirely depends upon this color does not suggest its determination with OPTA present in biological and non-biological fluids. Moreover, it is found that compounds which enhance color stability have nothing to do with determination of urea. The structures of isoindolines (VII a,b,c) have been confirmed by IH-, BC-NMR and mass spectrometry techniques. The absolute authenticity comes from their (VII a,b,c) X-ray crystallography. The colors resulting from the said reactions fall in between 585-595 nm in UVNIS spectra. As the use of OPTA for urea determination is known, hence, in this study, we are presenting chemistry for urea determination With OPTA. 2009-10-20T00:00:00Z http://localhost:80/xmlui/handle/123456789/19655 Title: An Improved Method for the Synthesis of 5-Arylidene Barbiturates using BiC13 Authors: KHAN, KHALID MOHAMMED; MUHAMMAD ALI; FAROOQUI, TANVEER AHMAD; MOMIN KHAN; MUHAMMAD TAHA; SHAHNAZ PERVEEN Abstract: An improved and eco-benign synthesis of arylidene barbiturates has been developed by using bismuth chloride (BiCl3) in water. Execution is simple and products yields were very high. All the reactions were completed in 30 min time. The new methodology does not involve any solvent/solvent extraction while solid products were obtained in all cases which were filtered and washed. 2009-10-20T00:00:00Z