http://localhost:80/xmlui/handle/123456789/361 2026-02-26T08:21:52Z http://localhost:80/xmlui/handle/123456789/3555 Title: EXPANSION OF BUILT UP AREA AND ITS IMPACT ON URBAN AGRICULTURE: A CASE STUDY OF PESHAWAR-PAKISTAN Abstract: This dissertation traces the spatial growth of Peshawar City District and its impact on urban agriculture. Peshawar is the capital of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and one of the major cities of Pakistan. Data and information for the study was collected from historic maps, satellite images, documents, government offices (mostly from revenue record), private stake holders like real estate agents and farmers. The analysis shows that the city has been growing at a very rapid pace in recent years and in the absence of planning control has seen tremendous urban sprawl. The urban sprawl first set its foot in 1960s along the major roads radiating out of the city and cantonment. It then started expanding in a leapfrog fashion encroaching upon agricultural lands in the fringe with minimum of facilities and all the harmful environmental and social consequences. The haphazard growth often resulted in the development of slums or undesirable residential areas with lack of services and amenities, piecemeal commercial development, and intermix of conforming and non-conforming land uses. The pattern of development of urban sprawl in Peshawar is typical of most Pakistani major cities, where ribbon sprawl is common along major roads, while leapfrog sprawl is prevalent in the city’s fringes. The sprawl is consuming rich agricultural land and poses a threat to food security. The study highlights the causes of urban sprawl, analyzes land use dynamics and discusses some of the strategic and policy options that are available to control proliferation of sprawl and promote sustainable development of land use in the city. The most alarming aspect of encroachment on farmland in Peshawar City District is the loss of prime agricultural land. Residential land use was the biggest consumer of farmland during 1991-2009 period. Some 8,748 hectares of farmland was lost for residential purposes. Brick kilns were the second largest consumer after residential land use. Conversely, gain in the farmland was achieved mainly by bringing cultivable waste area of around 26,600 hectares under plough. However, most of the area brought under cultivation did not belong to prime agricultural land and was mostly rain fed area in southern part of the city district. Moreover, further expansion of agricultural land has vstopped and therefore, any future assault on farming land will not be compensated even by inferior quality agricultural land. In order to analyze land use and farming dynamics in peri-urban environment in this research, five sample mauzas were randomly selected for detailed study. The changes have been more drastic in those mauzas/villages located near the core city than those located away from it. Success of housing schemes on agricultural land has inspired individuals and groups of all types to join the race and buy land across Peshawar. There is a need to control this trend, which is continuing in the absence of land use or planning control. Multiple government agencies and political interests influence land use development in Peshawar City District. There is a need to promote coordination between them and develop a flexible plan for the City District. It has to be realized by both the government as well as the general public that the encroachment of urban uses over farmland is cutting into national food basket and the present policy, or the lack of it, is ultimately bound to cause greater shortage of foodstuff and increased dependence on import. Therefore the present assault on urban farmland cannot be allowed to continue. However, the commercial pressure on farmlands has to be tackled through exploitation of available commercial opportunities. Farmers have the potential towards adjusting their enterprises to take advantage of new economic opportunities at the urban fringe. However, Government support is indispensible towards this end. The recognition of urban and peri- urban agriculture as urban land use, and its integration in land use plans and the creation of a favourable policy environment are critical basic steps towards this end. 2012-01-01T00:00:00Z http://localhost:80/xmlui/handle/123456789/4356 Title: Da Pashto Walasi Adbiyaato Tanqeedi Mutalia Authors: , Abdul Ahad 2019-01-01T00:00:00Z http://localhost:80/xmlui/handle/123456789/4363 Title: Urdu Adab Ka Muntakhib Shaura Ki Taqleeqi Nasar-Aik Jaiza (Munir Niazi, John Elia, Sarmad Sahbai) Authors: Ahmad, Imtiaz Abstract: This dessertation reveals round the prose writings of the selected poets, especially Munir Niazi, Jaun Elia and Sarmad Sehbai. The basic purpose of this dessertation is to review the prose writings of these popular poets to bring different aspect in the Urdu literature. Now we discuss the main features of these chapters in the following. Chapter first, "Takhlique, Takhliqar, Takhliqui Mahiat aur Reviat" is divided into three parts. In the first part the meanings of creation, and acknowledgement of aritics, opinion is cleared. In these opinions the models of creative personlities and by their work the world creation is captivatived. The definitions of the critics are presented with suitable arguments. In the second part the mental and psychological, keeping in view the clearness of this fact has been proved that the creators infact bring in existance their mental comfort in the field of life to concentrate new things. In the lives of creators by studying their psychological aspects this phenomena is written. Infact human thinking is capable of superiority But small organism found in this world to whom such natural art is gifted seeing them the human intellectuality is drenched. With the example of this organism from the little bird "Bay" is described. Who build its nest artistically. In the third part attached with literature tradition of the creators is cleared by artistic way by Muneer Niazi, Jaun Elia and Sarmad Sehbai by these discussions, this point is taken in common that the creation and creators have positive aspects. Second chapter, "Muneer Niazi (1928-2006) Ki Takhliqui Nasar". In first part of this chapter the autobiography has been described by researching point of view. His life has been described in every aspect with detail. All the dates and years have been captivated with certificates and references. Because 10 Muneer Niazi is free from the affairs of daily life. He did not care and depressed any one. Specially he does not have the dates and years in his mind. Even now he did not have the correct information about his own life. His correct date of birth has been derived from the admission and withdrawl reqister of Punjab University national identity card, by "Writers Guild of Pakistan Membership Register." Which seemed suitable. In the second part the creations of Muneer Niazi is discussed. The basic reference of Muneer Niazi is as a poet. Therefore his poetry collections are introduced and different topics are discussed. In the prose writings in which coloumns, dramas, flap of books, and preface are discussed in detail. By this discussion the details of his prose are guessed clearely. Chapter Three "Jaun Elia (1931-2006) Ki Takhliqui Nasar" is divided into two parts. In the first part the autobiography and personality of Jaun Elia has been capitivateed in a researching point of view. Collecting all the relevent references his years have been written with references. In the second part the poetry of Jaun Elia has been introduced in the prose collections "Light Essays" has been artistically captivated. Most of the critics have opinion about the prose of Jaun Elia. If Jaun Elia were not a poet. He would have been a well known prose writer. After Abdul Kalam Azad, Jaun Elia is only the prose writer who has prose knowledge and attraction. The witness of the critics can be seen in its prose by his artistic study as prose writer the superiority of Jaun Elia has been found. Chapter four "Sermad Sehabi (1945) Ki Takhliqui Nasar" is divided into two basic parts. In the first part the details of autobiography initial creative period has been described his personal aspects of life are high lighted. The father of Sermad Sehbai Abdul Samad Pal Asar Sehbai and uncle Ameen Huzeen Were stylistic poets. Ameen Huzeen was the student of "Shams-ul-Ulma Molvi Meer Hassan". Ameen Huzeen was impressed by Allama Muhammad Iqbal and profound impact is found in his poetry being 11 the member of well known family of scholars supernatural aspects of poetry and prose is cleared. In the second part the poetical and prose topics are discussed. After this the prose of Sermad Sehbai in which published television dramas, Radio Dramas and film Mah-e-Meer are captivated by discribing the prose of Sermad Sehbai in detail. In the present period of the history of Pakistan drama, and the tradition of film writings. Sermad Sehbai is the only writer due to his efforts in the industry of drama and film is still alive. Chapter five "Muneer Niazi, Jaun Elia and Sermad Sehbai Kay Zehni aur Takhliqui Tanwoat- Aik Mohakma". In this chapter the detail discuss about common topics of these three personalities. By which this point is cleared that as a poet the circle of Sermad Sehbai and Muneer Niazi is less than Jaun Elia therefore the dramatic expression of his prose, contesting shade provides deep effect to his inner point of view. In this way art, human screening, dance, music and painting due to profound interest and his dramatic analysis specially his film "Mah-e-Meer" converts his uncofortness into comfortness. The basic reference of Muneer Niazi, Jaun Elia and Sermad Sehbai is of a poet. But why did they come to prose writing. Had they not been expressing their message completely in the poetry? Are they thought that the poetry is not the complete way of expression, His place and fame has been expressed in such discussions of prose writings by Muneer Niazi, Jaun Elia and Sermad Sehbai. 2019-01-01T00:00:00Z http://localhost:80/xmlui/handle/123456789/4361 Title: Pa Pashto Sabakasi Da Mashow Mano Da Adbiyato Tajziyaati O Tanqeedi Mutalia Authors: , Bait u Rahman 2019-01-01T00:00:00Z