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PATTERN OF ADVERSE DRUG REACTIONS DUE TO CANCER CHEMOTHERAPY IN A TERTIARY CARE TEACHING HOSPITAL IN NEPAL

Fri, 20 Jul 2007 00:00:00 GMT

Title: PATTERN OF ADVERSE DRUG REACTIONS DUE TO CANCER CHEMOTHERAPY IN A TERTIARY CARE TEACHING HOSPITAL IN NEPAL Authors: MALLIK, S.; PALAIAN, SUBISH; OJHA, PRADIP; MISHRA, PRANAYA Abstract: Use of cancer chemotherapeutic drugs is associated with several adverse drug reactions (ADRs) ranging from mild nausea to fatal myelosuppression. Data regarding safety profile of cancer chemotherapy is lacking in Nepal. To study the pattern of ADRs caused by cancer chemotherapeutic drugs in Manipal Teaching Hospital (MTH), Pokhara, Nepal. Hospitalized patients treated with cancer chemotherapy drugs from 1st January to 30th June 2006, was studied retrospectively. Necessary information was collected from the patients’ hospital records. Total 60 patients underwent chemotherapy among which 25 (41.67%) developed ADRs. More than half (60 %) were male and 40 % were of age group 61-70 years. The mean ± SD age was 57.8 ± 11.54 years. More than half of the patients (56%) who developed ADRs were on adjuvant chemotherapy. Alkylating agents were responsible for the ADRs in nearly half of the patients (52%) followed by antimetabolites (20%). Cisplatin was the individual drug responsible for 44% of the ADRs. The onset of the ADR was within a day in 44% of the patients. Thirty six percent of patients developing ADRs stayed in the hospital for 1-4 days. Hematological system was affected primarily (40.47% of the patients), followed by the gastrointestinal tract (33.33%). Grade I neutropenia was the most common ADR affecting 28.6% of the patients, followed by emesis (21.4%). Increased dose of antiemetics was needed in 38.5% of the patients to manage the ADRs. Levamisole was the drug used primarily (30.43%) for managing ADRs. Male patients and age group 61-70 years were highly predisposed to ADRs. Cisplatin was the common drug responsible for ADRs. Levamisole was commonly used in managing the ADRs. Similar studies covering more patients form different regions are needed to validate our findings.

DETERMINATION OF RESIDUES OF SULPHONAMIDE IN EGGS AND LAYING HENS

Fri, 20 Jul 2007 00:00:00 GMT

Title: DETERMINATION OF RESIDUES OF SULPHONAMIDE IN EGGS AND LAYING HENS Authors: TABASSUM, SHAZIA; AHMAD, H.B.; NAWAZ, R. Abstract: Eggs were collected from different areas of Faisalabad city. The quantity of sulphonamides was determined in yolk, white and whole egg and compared with the permissible limit 1µg/ml for sulphadimethoxine available in literature. In another experiment, a group of hens were kept at a poultry farm after medicating them with darvisal liquid to see if the residues of sulphonamide pass into the eggs of poultry. The period of existence of residues was noted.

W-7 (A CALMODULIN ANTAGONIST) INHIBITS CARRAGEENAN-INDUCED PAW EDEMA IN INTACT AND ADRENALECTOMIZED RATS

Fri, 20 Jul 2007 00:00:00 GMT

Title: W-7 (A CALMODULIN ANTAGONIST) INHIBITS CARRAGEENAN-INDUCED PAW EDEMA IN INTACT AND ADRENALECTOMIZED RATS Authors: KHAKSARI, MOHAMMAD; SHAMSIZADEH, ALI; AZARANG, AFROOZ; MAHMOODI, MEHDI Abstract: The aim of present study was to investigate the effect of W-7, a calmodulin antagonist, on carrageenaninduced rat’s paw edema. W-7(50 µMol/kg) was given intraperitoneally synchronous with the intraplantar injection of 0.1 ml of 0.5% carrageenan solution. After four hours, paw edema was assessed by calculating the paw volume changes which measured by hydroplethysmometer. In adrenalectomized rats, both adrenal glands were removed. Treatment of animals with W-7 reduced carrageenan-induced paw edema by 50%. In adrenalectomized rats, W-7 was also effective in reduction of paw edema (52%). There was no significant difference between the effect of W-7 in adrenalectomized and control animals. Our findings suggest that W-7 as a calmodulin inhibitor reduce carrageenan-induced paw edema and the inhibitory effect of W-7 on edema formation appears not to be dependent on adrenal function.

NEUROCHEMICAL AND BEHAVIORAL EFFECTS OF M-CPP IN A RAT MODEL OF TARDIVE DYSKINESIA

Fri, 20 Jul 2007 00:00:00 GMT

Title: NEUROCHEMICAL AND BEHAVIORAL EFFECTS OF M-CPP IN A RAT MODEL OF TARDIVE DYSKINESIA Authors: IKRAM, HUMA; SAMAD, NOREEN; HALEEM, DARAKHSHAN JABEEN Abstract: Present study was designed to monitor the responsiveness of 5HT (5-Hydroxytryptamine) -2C receptors following the long-term administration of haloperidol in rats. Effects of m-CPP (meta-Chlorophenyl piperazine) were monitored 48h after withdrawal from repeated (twice a day for 5 week) administration of haloperidol (at the dose of 1mg/kg). Vacuous chewing movements (VCMs) were monitored on weekly basis. Two days after withdrawal, animals were injected with saline (1ml/kg of body weight) or m-CPP (3mg/kg of body weight). Activities in open field and light dark activity box were monitored 15 and 30min post injection respectively. Corresponding author: E-mail: huma_biochemist@yahoo.com Pak. J. Pharm. Sci., 2007, Vol.20(3), 185-188 188Animals were then decapitated (4h post injection) to collect dorsal striatum (DS) samples for the neurochemical analysis by HPLC-EC (High Performance Liquid Chromatography with Electrochemical detection) method. Results from the present study showed significant hypolocomotive effect of m-CPP (p<0.05) in both repeated haloperidol as well as repeated saline injected rats. Neurochemical analysis of DS by HPLC-EC method showed that administration of m-CPP significantly (p<0.05) decreased 5-HIAA (5-Hydroxyindol acetic acid) in repeated haloperidol injected rats. In conclusion, present study provides evidence that 5HT-2C receptors become hypersensitive in a rat model of Tardive Dyskinesia (TD). These findings have potential implication in the treatment of TD and attenuation of EPS induced by typical neuroleptics. Keywords: Haloperidol, extra pyramidal side effects, tardive dyskinesia, m-CPP, 5HT-2C receptors.