http://localhost:80/xmlui/handle/123456789/17350 Sat, 04 Apr 2026 00:53:17 GMT 2026-04-04T00:53:17Z http://localhost:80/xmlui/handle/123456789/18821 Title: A Review on Extrinsic Registration Methods for Medical Images Authors: F. Alm, S. U. Rahman; S. Ullah, A. Khalif; A. U. Din Abstract: In medical image analysis, image registration is the process of mapping the features or coordinate space of one image with the features or coordinate space of another image. The main aim of medical image registration is to obtain detail, precise and complementary information from two or more images. Image registration plays an important role in image-guided surgery and radiotherapy. Currently, several types of registration methods are available for the precise registration of medical images. In this paper, the available methods for extrinsic registration are analysed and their pros and cons are discussed in a comprehensive manner. The detail investigation and assessment of each registration method is performed according to various parameters. The aim of this paper is to provide detail knowledge on extrinsic registration methods that has been developed for medical images. This review is a suitable reference for those who are looking for registration methods for a specific application. Thu, 15 Sep 2016 00:00:00 GMT http://localhost:80/xmlui/handle/123456789/18821 2016-09-15T00:00:00Z http://localhost:80/xmlui/handle/123456789/18820 Title: Optical Character Recognition (OCR) System For Saraiki Language Using Neural Networks Authors: M. T. Jan, Y. Saleem Abstract: Saraiki language is one of the local languages of Pakistan. It is spoken and understood over a large geographical part of Pakistan. Little work has been done to develop Optical Character Recognition systems for local languages due to the complex writing system. The OCR system for Saraiki language can help to digitize the language literature. This work presents an OCR system that uses the Neural Network to recognize the printed text images of Saraiki (Urdu/Arabic/Punjabi) language generated in MS Word. Neural Network is trained with the segmented and isolated character set. At first, characters are extracted from the text image using segmentation approach. These segmented characters are then fed to the Neural Network in order to be recognized. MATLAB is used for the implementation of the OCR system that at present shows about 85% accuracy. Wed, 14 Sep 2016 00:00:00 GMT http://localhost:80/xmlui/handle/123456789/18820 2016-09-14T00:00:00Z http://localhost:80/xmlui/handle/123456789/18819 Title: 3G/ 4G Telecom Technology; User Acceptance Among Educated Youth of Pakistan Authors: F. Shakeer, S. T. H. Shah; J. Riai Abstract: State of the art telecom technologies i.e. 3rd Generation/ 4th Generation (3G/ 4G) have been launched in Pakistan since 23rd April, 2014. Pakistan is one of the late adopters of these technologies. Research is needed to explore various factors influencing user acceptance of these technologies. This study makes use of a popular leading model i.e. Technology Acceptance Model (TAM)and validates it in the scenario of Pakistan. This research predicts user acceptance for 3G/ 4G mobile services and behavioral intention associated with it among educated youth in Pakistan (Islamabad/ Rawalpindi/ Wah regions due to richness of educational opportunities for youth.) not only because youth forms major portion of users of these services in Pakistan but also service providers have focused to attract educated youth through their advertising campaigns Young generation in Pakistan uses telecom devices much more than any other age group as 77% of users lie in 21-30 age bracket, while 12% in 31-40, 9% in 10-20 and 1% in 41 and above aged people. Accordingly, young generation in Pakistan is the focus of mobile telecom operators with regards to customer base, hence the main focus of this study is also the educated youth. The research explores and analyses usage of 3G/ 4G services by educated youth to establish whether Perceived Ease of Use and Perceived Usefulness which are the key constructs of TAM are useful in predicting Behavioral Intention among educated youth for 3G/ 4G services? Survey strategy is employed in this research by taking into account simple random sampling. A structured questionnaire has been adopted for this study with due concentrations for reliability and validity. Through statistical analysis, it was found that perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use have a positive direct relationship with Behavioral Intention to use 3G/ 4G technology. The research will be helpful for telecom service providers in Pakistan to contrive strategies for increasing the adoption trend of 3G/ 4G technologies. Tue, 13 Sep 2016 00:00:00 GMT http://localhost:80/xmlui/handle/123456789/18819 2016-09-13T00:00:00Z http://localhost:80/xmlui/handle/123456789/18817 Title: Assessment Model to Measure the Performance and Behavior in eLearning based Universities Authors: M. Farhan, M. Aslam; M. M. Iqbar, A. Ali Abstract: -Electronic learning provides the opportunity for students to learn anytime and anywhere. The eLearning based universities provide an online discussion of students and teachers on the Moderated Discussion Board. Students do not have direct interaction with the teacher, so they use some discussion board to discuss their problems with the teachers. Online discussion has built-in property to save the text, which can be analyzed later, and smart learning management systems have the ability to process the video. The principal area of analysis in this paper is whether the students' discussion about their teachers on MDBsare useful to measure teaching performance. The present research endeavors shove the MDB text based dialogs to drill down through experiments. The sample size was 246 and 80 in experiment 1 and experiment 2 respectively. The first experiment clarifies the learners' trust on emotional reflection of assessment evidence of learning management system by selecting courses without verifying its rationality. There were other factors, which arguably counted for more. At the same time, it could be argued that how it is different from traditional or classroom based learning and teaching. It can be contrasted them as traditional, or classroom based learning provides instant feedback to teach while in electronic learning teacher is not present in the class and students are at a distance. Mon, 12 Sep 2016 00:00:00 GMT http://localhost:80/xmlui/handle/123456789/18817 2016-09-12T00:00:00Z