Nephroprotective role of eugenol against cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury in mice

Abstract

Cisplatin (CP) is a choice of drug for cancer chemotherapy. Its nephrotoxic effects are well reported and limit its use. In this study, we aim to assess the nephroprotective potential of eugenol on cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury (AKI). Thirty male, BALB/c mice were randomly divided into five groups. Normal saline was given to controls in normal group (group 1), CP group (group 2) received CP injection (20 mg/kg), and other two groups 3 and 4 were treated with eugenol at doses of 50 and 100 mg/kg respectively for four days before receiving cisplatin. While group 5 (positive control) received ascorbic acid (200 mg/kg) for four days before CP injection. Blood samples were collected after 72 hours of CP injection and kidneys were dissected out. Blood urea and creatinine values were increased significantly (p <0.001) in CP group. However, significant improvement (p <0.001) was seen in eugenol treated groups. Similar pattern was observed in kidney injury score (p <0.001) which markedly improved after eugenol treatment. Improvement in protein cast in tubular lumen and tubular brush borders was also observed. Eugenol has an ameliorative role in AKI induced by cisplatin in mice. This compound is recommended for further evaluation of its mechanism(s) of action.