Morphological Spectrum of Gallbladder Disease: a retrospective study in a private medical college in Lahore

Abstract

Background: Gallbladder disease is a major cause of morbidity and mortality around the world. Diseases of the gallbladder usually manifest as gallstones, cholecystitis or cancer. Aim: To identifying the morphological spectrum of gallbladder disease with respect to age, gender and ethnicity of patients presenting to Ghurki Trust Teaching Hospital, a tertiary care hospital located in Lahore, Methods: The retrospective study was conducted on 500 cholecystectomy samples, received at the histopathology section of the Pathology Department, Lahore Medical and Dental College, Lahore from affiliated Ghurki Trust Teaching Hospital. All cholecystectomy samples received from 3rd August, 2011 to 2nd October, 2015 were included in the study. Data for this study was collected from the Histopathology section records. Results: Of the 493 were included in this study 81/493 (16.4%) were male while 412/493 (83.6%) were female, with the Male: Female ratio being 1:5.1. The age of presenting complaints ranged from 14 years to 80 years of age. The maximum number of affected patients was between 19-39 years of age. On histopathological analysis, the most common pathology was found to be chronic cholecystitis with cholelithiasis (75%) followed closely by chronic acalculous cholecystitis (19%). However, gallbladder carcinoma was a rare finding in our study. Conclusion: Identifying the morphology of gallbladder disease in this part of the country will lead to a better understanding of its underlying etiology. Future studies which focus on identifying risk factors for gallbladder disease can be conducted which will ultimately result in a better understanding of its prevention.