Synthesis and characterization of Schiff base of nicotinic hydrazide as antibacterial agent along with in vivo wound healing activities and atomic force microscopic study of bacterial cell wall affected by synthesized compound

Abstract

The present work reports the synthesis of Schiff base series of nicotinic hydrazide (C-1-C-5) and it’s antibacterial and wound healing evaluation. The synthetic molecules were characterized with different spectroscopic techniques and explored for their antibacterial potential. The objective of this work was to explore antimicrobial agent using two types of microorganisms, one Gram-positive (S. aureus ATCC 9144) and one Gram-negative (E. coli ATCC 10536). C-2, C-4 and C-5 potentially inhibit bacterial growth (p<0.001). Atomic force microscopy (AFM) imaging was obtained to get high-resolution images of the effect of treated drugs on the bacterial morphology. The images obtained also revealed the antibacterial effects of potent molecule. The magnified pictures captured under AFM suggest significantly damaged cell surface and disturbed morphology. The compounds were further analyzed for in vivo wound healing potential on mice. The compound C-2, C-4 and C-5 heal the wounds comparatively in less time duration as compared to control group (p<0.001). Compound C-1 and C-3 took more time to heal the wound as compare to compound C-2, C-4 and C-5. The re-epithelialization process of wound in animals group treated with potent compound was highly significant (p<0.001) and faster than control. Results of this study suggest that the compounds C-2, C-4 andC-5 possess pronounced antibacterial and wound healing potential and need to be further evaluated for mechanism of action.