Clinical observation of the efficacy of low-molecular-weight heparin calcium in prophylaxis of the deep venous thrombosis following the gynecological tumor surgery

Abstract

Present study is conducted to investigate the efficacy and safety of application of low-molecular-weight heparin calcium in the prophylaxis of deep venous thrombosis (DVT) following the laparoscopic surgery for gynecological tumors, so as to provide reference for the selection of anti-coagulant procedure in clinical practice. A total of 180 patients who underwent the laparoscopic surgery for the gynecological tumors in this hospital between January 2015 and December 2017 were enrolled in this study, and according to the anti-coagulant procedure, they were divided into two groups, i.e. the control group and the observation group, with 90 patients in each group. In the control group, 90 patients were free from the anti-coagulant agent or drugs affecting the coagulant functions, while those in the observation group received the subcutaneous injection of low-molecular-weight heparin calcium for consecutive 5 days. Then we compared the serological indicators, prothrombin time (PT), cross-section diameter of the lower limb, hemodynamic indicator and the incidence rate of complications. Following postoperative 5 days, the levels of fibrinogen and D-dimer in the observation group were (2.66±0.72) g/L and (0.61±0.17) μg/mL, significantly lower than those in the control group, and the differences had statistical significance (t=4.667, P=0.019; t=3.967, P= 0.029). At 3 d and 5 d after operation, PTs in the observation group were (13.74±3.92) s and (13.84±3.13) s, also superior to the control group (t=3.031, P=0.042; t=3.553, P =0.034). In the observation group, the cross-section diameter of lower limb and blood flow rate were (20.22±3.51) cm and (0.93±0.17) m/s, respectively, which were better than the control group, and the difference had statistical significance (t=4.412, P=0.021; t =4.724, P=0.019). In the observation group, the incidence rate of complications was only 3.33%, significantly lower than 10.00% in the control group (c2 =6.158, P=0.004). The application of the low-molecular-weight heparin calcium for anti-coagulation in the prophylaxis of the DVT following the laparoscopic surgery of gynecological tumor can better ameliorate the hemodynamics of patients, and prevent the formation of DVT.