Pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) bark proanthocyanidins affords prevention of peroxynitrite-induced l-tyrosine nitration, DNA damage and hydroxyl radical formation

Abstract

Peroxynitrite is known as a strong deleterious species that may readily trigger several geriatric diseases via injuring cellular constituents. Proanthocyanidins, a biological flavonoids constituent of Pinus sylvestris L. bark, has been attributed a large variety of pharmacological functions to its antioxidant potential. The results revealed that peroxynitrite could cause the generation of hydroxyl radical, the breakage of φX-174 plasmid DNA brand as well as the nitration of Ltyrosine. However, pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) bark proanthocyanidins extracts at low concentration range markedly inhibited the peroxynitrite -induced the formation of open circular DNA form (IC50 = 5.03±0.39 mg/mL). The 3-Nitro-Ltyrosine generated by the reaction of peroxynitrite with L-tyrosine was reduced by PBP (IC50 = 1.01±0.01 mg/mL). Besides, electron spin resonance spectroscopy data indicates that the intensive signal of dimethyl pyridine N-oxide hydroxyl radical adduct from peroxynitrite was reversed by pine bark proanthocyanidins extracts (IC50=1.02±0.04 mg/mL). Moreover, the obtained data shows that PBP provides more efficient protection against peroxynitrite than that of ascorbic acid. Together, the present study suggests that pine bark proanthocyanidins could exert potent preventive activity against peroxynitrite -elicited cytotoxicity on the biomacromolecules, a study-worthy finding with pharmacological importance.