Frequency of multi drug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa in different wound types of hospitalized patients

Abstract

Pseudomonas aeruginosa colonization is one of the major complications of wound infection leading to higher risk of morbidity and mortality. The trend of antibiotic resistant against Pseudomonas aeruginosa is increasing day by day due to irregular and extensive use of antibiotics. The main aim of this cross- sectional study is to detect the frequency of MDR Pseudomonas aeruginosa among various types of wounds during January to December 2018. In this study total 532 clinical samples were collected from wounded patients and subjected to the isolation and identification of Pseudomonas aeruginosa by standard microbiological techniques. Molecular identification of the isolates was done through PCR by using specific primers against Oprl, OprL and PA-SS genes of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Antibiotic susceptibility testing and minimum inhibitory concentration was done by disc diffusion method and broth dilution assay respectively. PCR was performed for the molecular detection of ESBL and MBL genes using specific primers. Out of total 532 clinical samples 203 (38%) samples were identified as Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Out of positive samples 119 (58.6%) were confirmed MDR Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Out of 119 MDR positive samples, burn wounds showed the highest percentage 43 (36%), while least percentage 4 (3%) of MDR Pseudomonas aeruginosa was found in surgical wounds (P<0.05). All the selected isolates were resistant to β-lactams drugs and most effective drugs were tigecycline and colistin. Highest prevalence in the infected wound patients is blaNDM 14 (25.9%) producing P. aeruginosa and least blaKPC 1 (1.8%) producing P. aeruginosa. Results of the study concluded that surgical wounds showed the highest prevalence of MDR P. aeruginosa, suitable measures should be adopted to restrain this public health menace.