Frequency of hematological disorders in Peshawar by bone marrow aspiration and trephine biopsy examination

Abstract

Objective: To determine the prevalance of various hematological disorders in district Peshawar by using bone marrow aspirate and biopsy. Material and Methods: Th e study is a retrospective descriptive cross sectional study. It is conducted in Khyber Teaching Hospital, Peshawar. Th is study carried out from January 2016 to December 2016. Cases whose records were complete regarding the age, gender and bone marrow diagnosis were included in the study. Cases whose records were incomplete and were having aspirate specimens with inadequate material were excluded from the study. All the data of patients diagnosed with certain hematological disorders during the study period was retrieved and studied. Th e diagnoses were noted and results were drawn accordingly. Results: Th e mean age of the study population was 30.7±7, with range of 1.5 -60 years. 63(45%) cases were males, while 76(55%) cases were females. Out of 139 patients, about 30 (21.7%) cases were diagnosed as having leukemias. Th is was followed by megaloblastic anemia which was seen in 26(18.8%) cases, idiopathic Th rombocytopenic purpura which was seen in about 26 patients (18.8%) cases and hemolytic anemia in 17(12.3%) cases. Metastatc infi ltration, leshmeniasis and paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria were seen in 2(1.4%) cases each. Malaria and myelofi brosis was seen in 1(0.7%) cases each. Conclusion: Leukemia was the commonest malignant hematological disorder in Peshawar. Th is was followed by megaloblastic anemia, which was commonest non hematological disorder in our region. Bone marrow aspirate and biopsy are important diagnostic tools to reach to final