Two-dimensional dissipative structures in spatially nonuniform dusty plasmas in planetary magnetospheres with kappa distributed ions

Abstract

Linear and nonlinear propagation of coupled dust drift acoustic waves are investigated in the presence of a kappa distributed ion population and Boltzmannian electrons. It is observed that the frequency of the dust drift acoustic wave decreases by increasing the kappa value. Using the drift approximation, a nonlinear equation is derived for the dust drift acoustic shock wave that reduces to a Kadomtsev–Petviashvili–Burgers (KPB)-like equation in the comoving frame of reference. It is found that the nonlinear structure of dust drift acoustic shock waves modifies in the presence of increasing values of kappa, dust number density, ambient magnetic field, and the dust neutral collision frequency. Interestingly, it is found that the non-Maxwellian ion population modifies the scale lengths over which the nonlinear structures are formed. The results obtained are applied in Saturnʼs magnetosphere, where the non-Maxwellian distribution of particles has been reported by several satellite missions.