Study of Metabolic Syndrome Susceptibility Genes Through Genetic Screening

Abstract

The metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a combination of risk factors which increases the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and type 2 diabetes (T2D). The major risk factors of MetS are central obesity, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, hypertension The CVDs and T2D are the main cause of death worldwide and especially in South Asian countries. An increase prevalence of MetS in Pakistan is an alarming condition. The present study was designed to find out the prevalence of the MetS, assessment of risk phenotypes responsible for MetS and genetic susceptibility of the MetS in the Pakistani population. The questionnaire based physical data and whole blood samples were collected by visiting the Out Patients Departments (OPDs) of different hospitals of Rawalpindi and Islamabad. Biochemical analysis was performed following the standard protocols. Total 9 genes including FTO, LPL, CETP, GCKR, APOA5, ADBR2, FADS2, ADIPOQ, CD36 and 32 SNPs were selected for study. The genotyping of all the SNPs was performed using MassARRAY iPLEX Gold Technology in the Genome Research Center, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong. The Statistical analysis of the data was analyzed by using Plink and SPSS softwares. The overall prevalence of MetS was 46% and the males and subjects having advanced age were found to have more risk of developing MetS. Out of 9 genes, the SNPs rs1421085, 1558902 of FTO, rs662799 of APOA5 and rs780094 of GCKR were found to have association with MetS in our population