Isotope Fractionation Studies of stable isotopes and Diffusion of Gases in Solids

Abstract

This is final report of the research project sponeored by the Pakistan science foundation ‎presents a description of the research work done during a period of two years with effect ‎from October 1977 tom October 1979. As mentioned in the preamble the initial ‎experimentation involved the fabrication of a reduction line for the purpose of reducing ‎water samples collected from different locations of Karachi Region and then to analyse them ‎from the point of view of isotope fractionation process by making measurement of D/H and ‎‎0^18/0^16 ratios. For this purpose samples of water have been collected from city area ‎‎(spring) rivers, wells tube wells borth of Karachi and the Indus Delta region. Data for twenty ‎samples have been obtained and one of the research fellow Mr. Qayyum Nawaz completed ‎his project and obtained his M.Phil degree in 1979, More samples are yet to be collected and ‎analysed for the completion of the Phd project of Mr. Wasim Akhtar D/H and O^18/0^16 ‎ratio measurements of twenty one more samples are available and more than thirty samples are ‎in hand for analysis. Seventy or eighty samples of water are yet to be collected to extend the ‎region of measurement. Study of a large number of samples will be able to give interesting ‎results from the point of view of isotope fractionation studies of Hydrogen isotopes and will ‎helpful in the future planning of water resources. The study will also be able to provide clues ‎for the sources of water in wells, spring ,etc. Services of Dr. Gonfiantini of Vienna, Austria ‎and Dr. Matsuo of Institute of Technology, Tokyo are to be greatfully acknowledged for the ‎running of our samples in their laboratories‎